Enantioselective Enzyme-Catalyzed Aziridination Enabled by Active- Site Evolution of a Cytochrome P450
Christopher C. Farwell,† Ruijie K. Zhang,† John A. McIntosh, Todd K. Hyster, and Frances H. Arnold*
Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 210-41, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
ACS Cent. Sci., 2015, 1 (2), pp 89–93
DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.5b00056
Publication Date (Web): April 22, 2015
Copyright © 2015 American Chemical Society
http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acscentsci.5b00056
Abstract
One
of the greatest challenges in protein design is creating new enzymes,
something evolution does all the time, starting from existing ones.
Borrowing from nature’s evolutionary strategy, we have engineered a
bacterial cytochrome P450 to catalyze highly enantioselective
intermolecular aziridination, a synthetically useful reaction that has
no natural biological counterpart. The new enzyme is fully genetically
encoded, functions in vitro or in whole cells, and can be
optimized rapidly to exhibit high enantioselectivity (up to 99% ee) and
productivity (up to 1,000 catalytic turnovers) for intermolecular
aziridination, demonstrated here with tosyl azide and substituted
styrenes. This new aziridination activity highlights the remarkable
ability of a natural enzyme to adapt and take on new functions. Once
discovered in an evolvable enzyme, this non-natural activity was
improved and its selectivity tuned through an evolutionary process of
accumulating beneficial mutations.
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