Co(salophen)-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidation of p-Hydroquinone: Mechanism and Implications for Aerobic Oxidation Catalysis
Colin W. Anson†, Soumya Ghosh‡, Sharon Hammes-Schiffer*‡, and Shannon S. Stahl*†
† University of Wisconsin—Madison, Wisconsin, United States
‡ Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2016, 138 (12), pp 4186–4193
DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b00254
Publication Date (Web): February 29, 2016
Copyright © 2016 American Chemical Society
Abstract
† University of Wisconsin—Madison, Wisconsin, United States
‡ Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2016, 138 (12), pp 4186–4193
DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b00254
Publication Date (Web): February 29, 2016
Copyright © 2016 American Chemical Society
Abstract
Macrocyclic metal complexes and p-benzoquinones are commonly used as co-catalytic redox mediators in aerobic oxidation reactions. In an effort to gain insight into the mechanism and energetic efficiency of these reactions, we investigated Co(salophen)-catalyzed aerobic oxidation of p-hydroquinone. Kinetic and spectroscopic data suggest that the catalyst resting-state consists of an equilibrium between a CoII(salophen) complex, a CoIII-superoxide adduct, and a hydrogen-bonded adduct between the hydroquinone and the CoIII–O2 species. The kinetic data, together with density functional theory computational results, reveal that the turnover-limiting step involves proton-coupled electron transfer from a semi-hydroquinone species and a CoIII-hydroperoxide intermediate. Additional experimental and computational data suggest that a coordinated H2O2intermediate oxidizes a second equivalent of hydroquinone. Collectively, the results show how Co(salophen) and p-hydroquinone operate synergistically to mediate O2 reduction and generate the reactive p-benzoquinone co-catalyst.
They conduct kinetic experiment by observing oxygen gas up take.
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