Hidden Non-Innocence in an Expanded Porphyrin: Electronic Structure of the Siamese-Twin Porphyrin’s Dicopper Complex in Different Oxidation States
- Supporting Info ->
- Figures
- Reference QuickView
- Add to ACS ChemWorx
† Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstr. 4, 37077 Göttingen,Germany
‡ MPI für Chemische Energiekonversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
§ Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2013, 135 (37), pp 13892–13899
DOI: 10.1021/ja406176e
Publication Date (Web): August 15, 2013
Copyright © 2013 American Chemical Society
Abstract
The Siamese-twin porphyrin (2H4) is a unique pyrazole-expanded porphyrin providing two adjacent cavities each offering an {N4} binding motif. It was previously found to form stable dicopper(II) or dinickel(II) complexes where both metal ions are nested in a porphyrin-like environment. This work addresses the rich redox chemistry of the dicopper complex 2Cu2that originates from the redox synergy of two proximate metal ions in combination with the potentially non-innocent expanded porphyrin ligand. Complementing previous X-ray crystallographic and SQUID data for solid material, the electronic structure of parent 2Cu2 in solution was now investigated by MCD and EPR spectroscopy. This allowed the assignment of UV–vis absorptions and confirmed the drastic twist of the molecule with ferromagnetically coupled copper(II) ions. 2Cu2 was found to exhibit multiple redox events in the potential range from −2.4 to +1.7 V versus Fc/Fc+, and singly oxidized [2Cu2]+ as well as doubly oxidized [2Cu2]2+ were characterized in detail by various analytical and spectroscopic methods. [2Cu2]+ was found by EPR spectroscopy and DFT calculations to have an S = 1/2 ground state, while [2Cu2]2+ is diamagnetic. Single crystal X-ray crystallography of [2Cu2(acetone)2](BF4)2 revealed that the 2Cu2 core is structurally invariant upon two-fold oxidation, while XAS measurements at the Cu K-edge for 2Cu2 and [2Cu2(acetone)2](BF4)2showed that the copper ions remain in the +2 oxidation state throughout. The combined experimental and computational evidence identified the Siamese-twin porphyrin as a multi-electron redox-active ligand with hidden non-innocence. Each ligand subunit upon oxidation forms a ligand-centered radical, though the spin vanishes because of covalency and strong antiferromagnetic coupling between the ligand radical and the proximate metal ion. Complexes of the Siamese-twin porphyrin may thus serve as a valuable bioinspired platform that combines both metal–ligand and two-metal-ion cooperativities for use in multi-electron processes.
コメント